This unpleasant and even dangerous disease is considered the most popular pathology of the gastrointestinal tract among modern people. Often this is due to violations of the diet, but the wrong products themselves can provoke its development. A diet for gastritis of the stomach is as important as drug treatment, and sometimes it is almost the only way to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract and prevent the disease from developing into a more dangerous formand/or painful.
What is gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammatory process that develops on the gastric mucosa. Due to its improper functioning, the digestion process is disturbed, various negative effects develop, and the mucous membrane itself gradually thins.
The cause of the disease can be many different factors that are not alien to a modern, constantly busy person. Haste during meals, intake and improper chewing of hot or cold food, consumption of poor-quality or harmful food, fast, fatty, salty and smoked food in unlimited quantities, systematic eating disorders - all this can provoke gastritis. In addition, insufficient amounts of protein and vitamins in food, long-term use of certain medications, constant stress, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption also become risk factors.
Nutritional rules for gastritis
Properly organized nutrition plays a huge role in the treatment of this disease. It is very important to know the rules and follow all the subtleties of the diet for gastritis with high or low acidity, compiled by a doctor. There are a few simple and clear rules that you will need to follow:
- All food must be chewed thoroughly, you cannot swallow food in pieces.
- It is advisable to organize your daily life and eat on time. Ideally, meals should be split and portions should be small. It is better to eat 5-6 times, in portions of 200-250 grams, than three times 500-600.
- Between meals should be left 2. 5-3 hours, and it is best to keep the intervals the same, if possible.
- Food should always be warm, neither hot nor cold. The bad temperature irritates the walls of the stomach, causing more inflammation.
- You should stop eating raw foods. It's best when they've been heat-treated, even when it comes to vegetables and fruits.
In addition, it is very important that the products are always fresh, cooking for future use with gastritis is undesirable and even dangerous.
What can you eat with gastritis
- Stale bread, pastries and pastries in general.
- Boiled, steamed, boiled or baked vegetables (without crust).
- Cereal porridges crushed in milk or water (rice, oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat).
- Varieties of fish with low fat content.
- Lean meats and unroasted poultry (chicken, turkey, rabbit, veal).
- Non-acidic fruits, dishes based on them (apples, bananas, pears).
- Low-fat milk and milk products (up to 1. 5%).
- Vegetables and butter (no more than 20-30 grams per day).
- Pastila, marshmallow.
- Natural honey (40-50 grams).
- Steamed eggs, as part of dishes or soft-boiled (2 pieces per day).
It is very important for gastritis to observe the correct drinking regime. It is necessary to consume 1. 5-2 liters of liquid per day, including juices, compotes and even soup. It is allowed to drink mineral water of an appropriate composition recommended by a doctor.
What not to eat with gastritis
- Smoked meats and sausages.
- Sausages and sausages.
- To roast.
- Meat and fatty fish.
- Sour fruits and berries.
- Beans.
- Fresh vegetables that have not undergone heat treatment.
- Preservation and pickles.
- Fatty and acidic dairy products.
- Barley, millet, unmilled cereals.
- Macaroni, pasta and vermicelli made with whole wheat flour.
- Pastries and fresh bread.
- Mushrooms.
- Nuts and seeds.
- The vinegar.
- Hot spices and sauces.
- Strong coffee, tea, soft drinks.
- Alcohol.
* The list of prohibited and permitted products may vary slightly depending on the type of gastritis, therefore, to clarify the details, it is better to contact your doctor.
Diet number 1 for gastritis: principles and sample menu
Such a nutrition system is recommended for people suffering from acute gastritis. A similar sparing diet is also prescribed for those who have a gastric or duodenal ulcer. The principles and rules are the same as above. In addition, doctors advise to reduce salt intake, since it not only retains fluids in the body, but also irritates the mucous membranes. The standard calorie content in this mode should not exceed 2800-3000 calories per day. Let's look at an example menu for the day, for a deeper understanding of the problem:
- Breakfast: rice pudding porridge, boiled egg, light tea with milk.
- Snack: sweet apples baked with honey or sugar.
- Lunch: vegetable velouté, meatballs or steamed turkey meatballs, mashed potatoes with milk, non-acidic fruit mousse.
- Snack: croutons, rosehip broth.
- Dinner: vegetable stew allowed, fish allowed, baked with milk, weak tea with milk.
- Snack before bed: banana, milk.
Diet for chronic gastritis
When the disease progresses to a chronic form, dietary restrictions become vital for the patient. By following a diet, you can prevent acute attacks of the disease, significantly improving the quality of life. For different degrees of acidity, the menu may be slightly different, so it is worth talking about each case separately.
Nutrition for chronic low acid gastritis
The stomach begins to produce an insufficient amount of hydrochloric acid, the food is digested much worse. The body cannot extract all the nutrients and trace elements it needs. Not only the mucous membrane of the organ itself, but also all systems of our body can suffer.
Dietary principles
- It is best to consume pureed, liquid and pureed dishes.
- Acceptable consumption of acidic foods.
- During the period of remission, you can eat foods fried in a small amount of oil.
- The temperature of food can vary between + 15 and 60 ° C.
- The total caloric content of the diet per day should be 2500-3000 calories.
Authorized and prohibited products
With low-acid gastritis, the menu is not difficult to compose, since it includes a wide variety of products. The consumption of meat, cold meats, sausages and sausages, pastries and bread, fish, vegetables and fruits, various cereals is authorized. It will be possible to include in the menu juices, compotes, kissels, broths, tea and coffee, milk and lactic products.
However, there are also limits, for example, you will have to give up foods that are too fatty. It is undesirable to eat goose meat, pork, salmon, fried donuts, cream candies and sweets. Fermentation and flatulence should not be activated from the vegetables eaten, so it is better not to eat cabbage, beans, grapes, onions, garlic. In its pure form, milk is also not recommended, but as part of dishes or as an additive to tea or coffee, it will do just fine.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with high acidity
With this type of disease, the stomach begins to produce an excessive amount of acid, which, as it were, "digests" the surrounding tissues, increasingly damaging the mucous membranes. Therefore, the menu should be much more sparing than in the previous case.
Dietary principles
- No spicy food. Anything that can irritate the mucous membranes is immediately swept away.
- Products should be exclusively low in fat.
- Fried foods are completely excluded, all foods should be boiled, steamed or baked.
- It is better to puree the products, wipe before use.
- Meals should be frequent and divided, and portions should be small.
- Daily salt intake can be increased to 8 grams.
- Calorie content per day should be between 2200 and 2500 calories.
Authorized and prohibited products
The goal of a diet for such a disease is to make the menu as sparing as possible, but at the same time varied and nutritious. As in diet number 1, you should eat only boiled, steamed and baked vegetables, and choose only non-acidic fruits. They should also be boiled and ideally mashed. The consumption of lean meat and fish is allowed, it is also desirable to grind them carefully.
Curd with increased acidity is prohibited, but dairy products must be present in the diet. Porridges are cooked lightly, wiped if necessary, only weak meat broths are used for soups. It is better to refuse pickles, borscht, cabbage soup, okroshka and other sour dishes.
Diet for acute gastritis
Acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa can often be accompanied by severe pain and nausea. This phase requires immediate medical examination, lifestyle changes, and dietary changes. On the first day, it is better to completely abandon solid foods, even pureed ones, limiting yourself to drinking warm water or light tea.
From the second day, you can slowly eat foods from the diet list number 1. Then you can already prepare liquid, pasty or creamy soups, mash low-fat fish or meat, boiled eggs. Fresh fruits and vegetables should not be consumed, as well as other products on the prohibited list.
Diet for erosive gastritis
This type of gastritis is dangerous precisely because of the formation of ulcers on the mucous membrane, which can quickly turn into full-fledged ulcers. To stop the symptoms and minimize the negative consequences, you will need to strictly follow the rules of nutrition:
- No fried, salted or smoked foods, all dishes are only boiled, steamed or baked without crust.
- Meals divided into small portions 5-6 times a day. The maximum weight of a meal is 170 to 180 grams.
- It is customary to drink a glass of warm water before meals.
- Sauces, hot spices, mayonnaise, dishes with flavor enhancers are completely excluded.
- Eat slowly, chewing each bite carefully.
- All foods should be hot, not cold or hot.
The last meal should be set so that it is 2 hours before bedtime.
Diet for atrophic gastritis
Diet for atrophic gastritis is the most important factor in the treatment process. It is best to take food regularly at the same time. Otherwise, you will have to follow the same recommendations that have already been expressed for the table of the power supply system No. 1. You can consume all the products from the list of permitted products and refuse those that are prohibited.
Foods are eaten hot, mashed, steamed, boiled or baked. Fried and fat, as well as acid, spicy and salty remain prohibited. Tobacco and alcoholic beverages are considered the main enemies of all types of gastritis, so it is better to give them up forever so as not to provoke an acute condition.